Migraines, often misunderstood as mere headaches, are far more complex and disruptive than that. If you've ever experienced a migraine or know someone who has, you understand the agony they can cause.
“Migraine is a common neurological disorder that causes a variety of symptoms such as pulsating headaches, nausea, and vomiting. It can also cause patients to become sensitive to light and sound, rendering them helpless due to the severity of the headaches,” Dr Vinny Sood, Senior Consultant, Neurology, Max Hospital, Gurugram.
He added, “Migraine is diagnosed based on a history of headache attacks lasting 4 to 72 hours, together with particular symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, photophobia (light sensitivity), or phonophobia (sound sensitivity)”.
What Is a Migraine?
A migraine is not just a headache; it's a neurological condition that can bring intense and throbbing pain, typically on one side of the head. Unlike a common headache, migraines come with a host of other symptoms that can affect your daily life.
Also read: Migraines: Causes, Triggers & Foods You Should Avoid
According to the British Journal of General Practice, one in every three migraine sufferers believes their condition controls their lives, which has an impact on their loved ones as well.
What Does It Feel Like?
Migraines often have early warning signs, such as auras, which are sensory disturbances like flashing lights or zigzag lines. Not everyone gets these, but when they do, they signal the impending storm of pain. You might also feel unusually tired, irritable, or notice changes in your mood.
The Headache Phase
The headache phase is the most recognisable part of a migraine. It's characterised by severe head pain, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Some people describe it as a throbbing or pulsating pain that can last for hours or even days.
Triggers: What Sets Off a Migraine?
Migraines are as unique as the people who experience them, but certain triggers are commonly known to provoke them. These can include stress, hormonal changes, certain foods (like aged cheese and chocolate), caffeine, lack of sleep, and changes in weather.
How to Manage a Migraine
Dealing with migraines can be challenging, but there are ways to cope:
Medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers might help during the early stages. For severe cases, your doctor may prescribe specific migraine medications.
Lifestyle Changes: Identifying and avoiding triggers can be a game-changer. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule, managing stress, and staying hydrated can help reduce the frequency and severity of migraines.
Rest and Relaxation: Finding a quiet, dark room to rest in can alleviate migraine symptoms. Some people find relief from applying cold packs to their forehead or neck.
When To Seek Medical Help
If migraines become frequent and significantly impact your life, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional. They can provide a proper diagnosis and create a personalised treatment plan.
Also read: Migraine: Health Risks Associated To Migraine Pain
Migraines are complex neurological processes that can impact your life, not just severe headaches. Understanding your triggers and developing appropriate coping methods are critical elements in migraine management. Remember that obtaining medical attention can make a substantial impact on your quality of life. While there is no cure for migraines, you can recover control and reduce their impact on your everyday life with the appropriate strategy.
